Articles - Colonisation & Trade
- European Domination of the Indian Ocean TradePrior to the arrival of the Portuguese in the in the Indian Ocean in 1498, no single power had attempted to monopolize the sea lanes that connected the ports of the Indian sub-continent with the Middle East and East Africa on the West, and the ports of South East Asia and China to the East. Unlike in the Mediterranean where during Roman (and earlier) times, rival powers attempted to control the oceanic trade through military means, peaceful trade had remained the norm in the Indian Ocean...
Colonisation
- Britannica: Indonesia – History – From Colonial Rule to IndependenceThe largest country in Southeast Asia, both in area and population, is the Republic of Indonesia.Consisting of some 13,670 islands along the Equator between the Indian and Pacific oceans..
- DUTCH RULE IN THE EAST INDIESThe article focuses on developments concerning Dutch rule in the East Indies and the difficulties encountered due to the growing consciousness among the natives about their nationality which has prompted them to claim self-government...
- Rijks Museum - 1820-1950 Indonesia and DecolonisationIn de 19th century, the Dutch East Indies - modern Indonesia - developed into a profitable colonial empire. Local insurgents were suppressed and henceforth a huge slice of Dutch revenue came from the East Indies. The Japanese occupation was followed by a war of independence, and in 1949 the Dutch ceded control of the archipelago.
- U.S. Library of Congress – Colonial Economy and Society 1870-1940The dismantling of the Cultivation System on Java, Dutch subjugation of Sumatra and the eastern archipelago, and the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 stimulated the rapid development of a cash-crop, export economy...
- Nipissing University - The Dutch in IndonesiaLooking at Indonesia, with a particular emphasis on the 19th century, we will see another variation on the story of intense interaction between European colonizers and a non-European people, with the result, once again, being that the non-European society has been transformed in profound ways
- History of Capitalist Development in Indonesia: Part One – Dutch ColonisationWe start today a four part article on the development of capitalism in Indonesia. In Part One we see how the original Dutch East Indies colony, that was later to become Indonesia, played an important role in capitalist accumulation for the nascent Dutch bourgeoisie, the first to actually carry out a bourgeois revolution in Europe.
- Britannica: India – History – Arrival of the EuropeansA civilized, urban society has existed in India for well over 4,000 years, and there have been periods when its culture has been as brilliant and creative as any in history. The country is also known by its ancient Hindi name, Bharat.
- Britannica: East India CompanyThe term East Indies refers loosely to the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia), the islands of the Malay archipelago, Southeast Asia, and India. During the 17th and 18th centuries, merchant companies were established by England, the Dutch Republic, France, Scotland, Denmark, Spain, Austria, and Sweden to dominate—and if possible to monopolize—trade with these areas. The most powerful and significant of these associations was the English East India Company...
- BBC - The British Presence in India in the Eighteen CenturyBritish involvement in India during the 18th century can be divided into two phases, one ending and the other beginning at mid-century...
- Skwirk – British Colonisation Part 1British control of India resulted from a number of different factors and a series of related events. The following chapters address these events and how they led to Britain becoming the dominant European power in India...
- Britannica: Sri Lanka – HistoryLocated 18 miles (29 kilometers) off the southeastern tip of the Indian subcontinent, Sri Lanka is an island nation in the Indian Ocean. It lies about 400 miles (645 kilometers) north of the Equator...
- Britannica: Vietnam – HistoryOne of the world’s most populous countries, Vietnam occupies the easternmost part of mainland Southeast Asia. It has a long coastline, much of which fronts on the South China Sea to the east and south...