News Reports
- Adams, S. (2009). TS Eliot rejected George Orwell's Animal Farm because of its 'Trotskyite' politics. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/culturenews/5071363/TS-Eliot-rejected-George-Orwells-Animal-Farm-because-of-itThe poet, a former director of the publisher Faber & Faber, made his feelings clear in a rejection letter to Orwell in 1944. Orwell succeeded in having Animal Farm, an allegory on Stalinist communism, published the following year by Secker & Warburg, after being turned down by four publishers.
- McCarthy, B. (2012). Orwell's 'Animal Farm' and Ukrainian refugees. http://www.pri.org/stories/2012-04-03/orwells-animal-farm-and-ukrainian-refugeesGeorge Orwell wrote his l945 masterpiece, "Animal Farm", to expose what he called "the Soviet myth". Orwell angered many of his friends on the left with his allegorical novel about Stalin and the Russian Revolution. But "Animal Farm" was an instant classic with an unexpected group of readers – Ukrainian refugees from the Soviet Union. One of them was Vitalij Keis.
- Chalupa, A. (2012). How 'Animal Farm' gave hope to Stalin's refugees. http://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2012/03/how-animal-farm-gave-hope-to-stalins-refugees/253831/An underground Ukrainian translation of George Orwell's subversive novel infiltrated postwar Europe's displaced persons camps. Reading the introduction to Animal Farm by Christopher Hitchens a few years ago, I was stunned to learn that George Orwell, then a struggling writer in London, worked by letter with a group of refugees to publish the novel in Ukrainian in the displaced persons camps of postwar Europe.
Literary Criticism
- Miller, S. (2004). Orwell Once More [Review of Inside George Orwell: A Biography; Orwell’s Victory; Orwell: Wintry Conscience of a Generation; Collected Essays, Journalism & Letters; Essays; Orwell: The Life, by G. Bowker, C. Hitchens, J. Meyers, G. OrwelPresents literary criticism which profiles English writer George Orwell. His essays are often found in freshman college readers and in anthologies of English writers, and two of his novels—"Animal Farm" and "1984"—have been translated into many languages.
- Kirschner, P. (2004). The Dual Purpose of “Animal Farm.” The Review of English Studies, 55(222), 759–786. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3661599After nearly sixty years debate continues over the ultimate political meaning of Animal Farm, owing partly to its use as propaganda, but also to Orwell's original purpose, which was artistic as well as political. This article concentrates on the former purpose.
Intertextuality
- Gulbin, S. (1966). Parallels and Contrasts in “Lord of the Flies” and “Animal Farm.” The English Journal, 55(1), 86–92. https://doi.org/10.2307/811152A study of social criticism in novel form through the reading of both William Golding's Lord of the Flies and George Orwell's Animal Farm.
60 Second Recap Playlist
60second Recap. (2010, February 28). Animal Farm | Snowball v Napoleon [Video]. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2C8zsg2dTMo&list=PL018BBB5D757EAFE0
Reviews
- Soule, G. (1946). In 1946, The New Republic panned George Orwell's 'Animal Farm'. http://www.newrepublic.com/article/114852/1946-review-george-orwells-animal-farmIn honor of Banned Books Week, we're publishing our original reviews of frequently banned books. In 1946, our critic George Soules read Animal Farm with disgust, calling the book "on the whole dull...a creaking machine...clumsy." We imagine he may have lived to regret these judgments.
- Hitchens, C. (2010). Christopher Hitchens re-reads Animal Farm. https://3quarksdaily.com/3quarksdaily/2010/04/christopher-hitchens-rereads-animal-farm.htmlStill outlawed by regimes around the world, Animal Farm has always been political dynamite – so much so, it was nearly never published. Christopher Hitchens on George Orwell's timeless, transcendent 'fairy story'.
Analysis
- Animal Farm. (1998). Animal Farm. http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE|CX3124800012&v=2.1&u=pl2623&it=r&p=GVRL&sw=w&asid=008e777066cdea0ee5e54ccf98cfe698The information covered in each guide includes an introduction to the novel and the novel’s author; a plot summary; descriptions of important characters, including explanation of a given character’s role in the novel as well as discussion about that character’s relationship to other characters in the novel;