ADHD stands for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder — it’s a neurobiological condition affecting 5.9% – 7.1% of children and adolescents, and at least 5% of adults (Willcutt, 2012). It’s defined in the DSM-5 as a Neurodevelopmental Disorder (APA, 2013).

The condition is characterised by a consistent pattern of developmentally inappropriate levels of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. These characteristics often interfere with functions or development, and commonly present as difficulty sitting still, paying attention, or controlling impulsive behaviour. For some, ADHD is pervasive and persistent to the point of interfering with everyday life in home, academic, social, and work environments.

Even if not diagnosed in childhood, ADHD symptoms will have been present from this period.