The 1956 Hungarian Revolution
American Hungarian Federation. (2013, July 3). The 1956 Hungarian Revolution by the BBC [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ihS_D0Btaz8
Occupation - Prague Spring
shota malashkhia. (2014, July 16). 06 - Occupation - Prague Spring [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sUlxvU_b3pc
Articles
Websites
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The New York Times. (2010). Czechoslovakia invaded by Russians and four other Warsaw Pact forces. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0820.html
Front page of the New York Times August 21 1968. -
Garthoff, R. L. (1995). When and why Romania distanced itself from the Warsaw Pact. Retrieved from http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB14/doc12.htm
In April 1964, the Romanian leadership issued a declaration in which it first expressed public dissatisfaction with the Warsaw Pact. Georghiu Dej, and after 1965 his successor Nicolae Ceausescu, increasingly distanced themselves from the Pact and Moscow's leadership, although without challenging the Soviet Union.
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U. S. Department of State (n.d.). Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, 1968. Retrieved from https://history.state.gov/milestones/1961-1968/soviet-invasion-czechoslavkia
On August 20, 1968, the Soviet Union led Warsaw Pact troops in an invasion of Czechoslovakia to crack down on reformist trends in Prague. Although the Soviet Union’s action successfully halted the pace of reform in Czechoslovakia, it had unintended consequences for the unity of the communist bloc.
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Kopkind, A. (2008, August 21). Dubcek's terrible bargain. Retrieved from http://www.newstatesman.com/society/2008/08/czech-occupation-prague
In their optimistic moments, the people of Prague believe that the Russian invasion of their country has been a colossal mistake, and that victory now belongs to the Czechs. But Slav optimism has a quality such as would count for pessimism anywhere else, and in the next moment they begin packing their things for the last trip to Vienna.
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The Prague Spring Foundation. (1998). Transcript of Leonid Brezhnev's Telephone Conversation with Alexander Dubček, August 13, 1968. Retrieved from http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/nsa/publications/DOC_readers/psread/doc81.htm
On August 13, First Secretary Brezhnev called Dubček to admonish him to take immediate steps to reverse the Prague Spring reforms. A word- for-word transcription of this critical and dramatic conversation was apparently made possible by a KGB tape recording system which enabled Soviet leaders to keep track of important telephone calls.
